Type1 diabetes:- Symptoms, causes, Complications & Treatment

 Type1 diabetes:- Symptoms, Causes, Complications & Treatment

Type1 diabetes:- Symptoms, Causes, Complications & Treatment

What Is Type 1 Diabetes?

In our discussion, "Type1diabetess:- Symptoms, Causes, Complications & Treatment", first of all, we need to know what type1 of diabetes is?

Type 1 diabetes is a situation in which our immune system knocks down the insulin-making cells in our pancreas, which are called beta cells. Insulin is a hormone that permits sugar to enter into cells to build energy.

Type 1 diabetes is usually found in children, teens, and adult people, that is why it is named juvenile diabetes. Studies have proved that type 1 diabetes is not as common as type2 diabetes. According to an estimate, almost 5-10% of the population suffers from type1 diabetes.

There is no cure for type1 diabetes. Its treatment is to control blood sugar levels through insulin, diet, and lifestyle to avoid complications.

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Symptoms of type1 diabetes

Type1 diabetes:- Symptoms

Beta cells take months and years to damage before the diagnosis of type1 diabetes. Type 1 diabetes symptoms grow hardly in a few months or weeks. When the symptoms appear, they are in a critical condition.

Some common symptoms of type 1 diabetes are as follows:-

• Feeling too much thirst
• Always feeling hungry (especially after eating)
• Dry mouth
• Stomach issues and vomiting
• Feeling the urge to urine frequently
• Weight loss without any attempt to reduce it
• Feeling tired and sick
• Blur vision
• Having problems in breathing
• Have infections on your skin, urinary tract.
• In children bedwetting at night is very common
• Fruity smell to your breath
• Stomach ache

Causes of type1 diabetes

In our discussion, "Type1 diabetes:- Symptoms, Causes, Complications & Treatment", here we are going to discuss the causes of type1 diabetes.

Type1 diabetes occurs because of autoimmune reactions and it plays role in damaging the cells in the pancreas. These cells make the insulin names beta cells.

Some people have type1 diabetes because they grow certain genes. But it's not always necessary that you always develop type1 diabetes through genes because many people develop type 1 diabetes but they do not have genes. Environmental factors such as viruses may become the cause of type1 diabetes.

Insulin is a hormone the sugar or glucose in the body tissues. Our body uses it as energy.

When beta cells get destroyed from type 1 diabetes it pushes this process off.

Glucose can not advance into our cells as insulin can not work over there. But it grows in our blood and our cells starve. This becomes the reason for high blood sugar that causes:-

• Dehydration When there is more sugar in our blood, we urine again and again because this is the only way to get rid of it. When we urine, water gets wasted that becomes the cause of dehydration.

• Weight loss The glucose that gets wasted during urine also takes calories with it which becomes the cause of weight loss.

• Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) If your body can not obtain the required glucose for energy it cracks the fat cells. This produces the chemical named ketones. Our liver releases the sugar it supplies to support. But our body can not utilize it without insulin that is why it grows in our blood with the help of acidic ketones. The mixture of this extra glucose, dehydration, and acid buildup is called ketoacidosis. It can be dangerous and life-threatening if it is not managed properly.

• Harmful for the body With time, high glucose levels in our blood can damage the nerves and small blood vessels in our eyes, kidneys, and heart. They cause stiffening your arteries or atherosclerosis that can cause heart attacks and stroke.
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Type 1 Diabetes Complications

Type1 diabetes:-Complications

With time, type1 diabetes damages our organs such as the heart, eyes, blood vessels, and kidneys.

Having a normal blood sugar level can minimize the danger of many complications. The complication can become life-threatening. Some complications of type1 diabetes are as follows:-

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•  Cardiovascular issues Type1 diabetes can create the risk of blood clots, high blood pressure, and cholesterol problem. Because of these diseases, we suffer from chest pain, heart attack, stroke, and heart failure.

•  Nerve damage In type 1 diabetes, too much sugar can damage the wall of tiny blood vessels which feed our nerves, such as legs. This can create the problem of tingling, numbness, burning, and pain which starts from the toes and develops upward.

•  Pregnancy complications Type 1 diabetes is not only dangerous for the mother but also for the baby. If your diabetes is not under control, a pregnant woman may face the problem of miscarriages and birth abnormalities. A pregnant lady may have a risk of diabetic ketoacidosis, diabetic eye problems, high blood pressure, and preeclampsia.
•  Skin problem Diabetic patients can easily suffer from bacterial and fungal infections. These patients can have rashes. Gum infections and dry mouth are the most common issues with diabetic patients. 

• Retinopathy Type 1 diabetes destroys the blood vessels of the retina that causes blindness. This issue occurs in almost 80% of adults who suffered from type1 diabetes for more than 15 years. It's scarce before puberty. To avoid this situation, you need to maintain your blood sugar, blood pressure, cholesterol, and triglycerides.

• Kidney damage The kidney consists of millions of tiny blood vessel clusters that extract the waste from our blood. Diabetes destroys this intricate filtering system. Extreme destruction can lead to kidney failure or other kidney diseases that need dialysis or a kidney transplant.

•  Foot damage Poor blood flow to the feet creates the possibility of feet complications. Cuts and blisters can be damaging infections that require toe, feet, and leg cuts.